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Article

Detection of Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Oral Fluids: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Immunoassay Performance

Timothy C. Granade, Susan K. Phillips, Bharat Parekh, Perry Gomez, Wendy Kitson-Piggott, Herbert Oleander, Bisram Mahabir, Waveney Charles, Stephanie Lee-Thomas
Timothy C. Granade
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333;
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Susan K. Phillips
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333;
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Bharat Parekh
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333;
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Perry Gomez
Ministry of Health and Environment, Nassau, Bahamas; and
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Wendy Kitson-Piggott
Caribbean Epidemiology Centre and
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Herbert Oleander
Ministry of Health and Environment, Nassau, Bahamas; and
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Bisram Mahabir
Ministry of Health, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
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Waveney Charles
Ministry of Health, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
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Stephanie Lee-Thomas
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333;
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DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.5.2.171-175.1998
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ABSTRACT

Paired serum and oral-fluid (OF) specimens (n = 4,448) were collected from blood donors and patients attending local sexually transmitted disease clinics in Trinidad and Tobago and the Bahamas and were tested for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies. Sera were tested by Abbott AB HIV-1/HIV-2 (rDNA) enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and positive specimens were confirmed by Cambridge HIV-1 and HIV-2 Western blotting (WB). OF specimens were collected with the OraSure collection device and were tested by Murex GACELISA and by two EIAs from Organon Teknika (the Oral Fluid Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa System [OTC-L] and the Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa System [OTC-M]). EIA-reactive OF specimens were confirmed by miniaturized WB (OFWB). GACELISA detected all 474 HIV-1 seropositive specimens (sensitivity, 100%). OTC-L detected 470 positive specimens (sensitivity, 99.2%), while OTC-M detected 468 positive specimens (sensitivity, 98.8%). Specificities ranged from 99.2 to 100% for the three assays. Concordance of OFWB with serum WB was 99.4%, and banding patterns determined by the two methods were similar. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration of OF specimens ranged from 0.21 to 100 μg/ml, with a mean of 17.1 μg/ml. Significant differences in OF IgG concentrations were observed between HIV antibody-positive and HIV antibody-negative persons (31.94 versus 15.28 μg/ml, respectively [P < 0.0001]). These data further confirm the suitability of OF specimens for detection of HIV-1 antibodies. Currently available HIV-1 antibody assays provide sensitivities and specificities with OF specimens comparable to those achieved with serum specimens.

  • Copyright © 1998 American Society for Microbiology
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Detection of Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Oral Fluids: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Immunoassay Performance
Timothy C. Granade, Susan K. Phillips, Bharat Parekh, Perry Gomez, Wendy Kitson-Piggott, Herbert Oleander, Bisram Mahabir, Waveney Charles, Stephanie Lee-Thomas
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology Mar 1998, 5 (2) 171-175; DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.5.2.171-175.1998

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Detection of Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Oral Fluids: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Immunoassay Performance
Timothy C. Granade, Susan K. Phillips, Bharat Parekh, Perry Gomez, Wendy Kitson-Piggott, Herbert Oleander, Bisram Mahabir, Waveney Charles, Stephanie Lee-Thomas
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology Mar 1998, 5 (2) 171-175; DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.5.2.171-175.1998
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