Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1
Diminished systemic levels of type 1 cytokines and IL-22 in individuals with LBMI. The plasma levels of type 1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2) and type 17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22) cytokines in individuals with LBMI (n = 28) or NBMI (n = 28) and LTB were measured by ELISA. The data are presented as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual (light gray dots, LBMI; and dark gray dots, NBMI). P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
- FIG 2
Elevated systemic levels of type 2 and regulatory cytokines in individuals with LBMI. The plasma levels of type 2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines in individuals with LBMI (n = 28) or NBMI (n = 28) and LTB were measured by ELISA. The data are presented as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual (light gray dots, LBMI; and dark gray dots, NBMI). P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
- FIG 3
Diminished systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines in individuals with LBMI. The plasma levels of IL-1 family (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-18) and other proinflammatory (IL-6, IL-12, and GM-CSF) cytokines in individuals with LBMI (n = 28) or NBMI (n = 28) and LTB were measured by ELISA. The data are presented as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual (light gray dots, LBMI; and dark gray dots, NBMI). P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
- FIG 4
Diminished TB antigen-stimulated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in individuals with LBMI. The TB antigen-stimulated (A) or mitogen-stimulated (B) levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-22, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β in whole blood from individuals with LBMI (n = 28) or NBMI (n = 28) and LTB were measured by ELISA. The data are presented as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual (light gray dots, LBMI; and dark gray dots, NBMI). P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
- FIG 5
Positive and negative relationships between systemic levels of cytokines and BMI values for individuals with LTB. The relationships between the plasma levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-10, and TGF-β and BMI values were examined for all individuals with LTB (n = 56). The data are presented as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual. P values were calculated using Spearman rank correlation.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Demographics and biochemical parameters of the study groups
Parameter Valuea LBMI group (n = 28) NBMI group (n = 28) No. of males/no. of females 15/13 16/12 Age (yr) 28 (18–60) 29 (19–61) Body mass index 16.98 (12.28–18.44) 22 (18.90–24.97) Albumin (g/dl) 2.8 (2.5–3.2) 4.2 (3.7–4.8) Random blood glucose (mg/dl) 87 (84–113) 92.3 (60–129) HbA1c (%) 5.6 (4.8–6.3) 5.7 (4.9–6.1) Urea (mg/dl) 19.5 (12–34) 21.9 (11–42) Creatinine (mg/dl) 0.78 (0.3–1) 0.80 (0.4–1.3) ALT (U/liter) 17.7 (7–60) 22.4 (7–92) AST (U/liter) 27.8 (16–110) 24.7 (11–68) ↵a The values represent geometric means and ranges (except for age, for which medians and ranges are shown, and numbers of males and females).
- TABLE 2
Hematological parameters of the study groups
Parameter Value (GM [range]) P valuea LBMI group (n = 28) NBMI group (n = 28) Hemoglobin (g/dl) 12.4 (8.4–16.3) 13.51 (9.1–18.6) 0.5176 Red blood cell count (106/liter) 4.6 (3.8–6.2) 4.85 (3.8–6.4) 0.1551 White blood cell count (103/liter) 70 (45–112) 77 (49–117) 0.3766 Hematocrit (%) 38.75 (27.6–54) 40.49 (27.9–58.6) 0.3025 Platelet count (103/liter) 286.5 (145–174) 264.11 (172–397) 0.3425 Cell concn (cells/ml) Neutrophils 3,555 (2,246–6,328) 4,128 (2,229–6,537) 0.0473 Lymphocytes 2,496 (1,582–3,498) 2,454 (1,612–4,843) 0.5070 Monocytes 410 (25–873) 474 (234–963) 0.5280 Eosinophils 431 (85–1,575) 370 (78–2,817) 0.3659 Basophils 53 (18–265) 60 (14–379) 0.4713 ↵a Calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
