Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1
Total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 concentrations in serum samples from patients with severe noninfluenza CAP and severe H1N1 virus infection. Data are shown for pregnant (○) and nonpregnant (●) patients. Dashed line, median value of each grouping; dotted line, lower limit of the normal range of the relevant immunoglobulin for adults.
Tables
- Table 1
Comparison of clinical and laboratory features of patients with severe noninfluenza CAP and those with severe pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus infection
Patient feature Severe CAPa Severe H1N1b P value Total no. (%) 65 19 Median age, yr (range) 69 (19–76) 36 (16–79) <0.001 No. of males 40 7 0.05 No. pregnant 1 7 <0.001 Comorbidities No. with malignancy 3 1 0.65 No. with immunosuppression 8e 1e 0.35 No. with asthma 21 3 0.13 No. with obesity —f 1 No. with diabetes mellitus 11 3 0.61 No. with pneumonia 65 16 ICU management No. with endotracheal intubation/ventilation alone 27 12 0.08 No. with endotracheal intubation/ventilation plus ECMO 0 2 0.05 No. with noninvasive ventilation/high-flow O2 38 5 0.013 No. who died within 30 days 18 2 0.10 Laboratory features No. with a known infectious pathogenc 31 No. with Streptococcus pneumoniae 11 No. with picornavirus 9 No. with Haemophilus influenzae 6 No. with Mycoplasma pneumoniae 4 No. with Legionella pneumophila 4 No. with ≥1 pathogens 9 1d 0.28 Mean serum albumin level (g/liter) ± SD 31 ± 6 23 ± 5 <0.001 Immunoglobulin data (all patients) Mean no. of days after admission when serum immunoglobulins were assessed ± SD 1.2 ± 1.8 2.6 ± 2.1 0.005 No. (%) with low total IgG level 23 (35) 12 (63) 0.03 Median (range) total IgG level (g/liter) 8.7 (0.6–28.7) 6.1 (1.9–25.2) 0.002 No. (%) with low IgG1 level 21 (32) 11 (58) 0.025 Median (range) IgG1 level (g/liter) 5.4 (0.3–24.6) 3.3 (1.1–17.8) 0.008 No. (%) with low IgG2 level 30 (46) 15 (79) 0.011 Median (range) IgG2 level (g/liter) 2.5 (0.2–10.5) 1.2 (0.4–6.6) <0.001 No. (%) with low IgG3 level 5 (8) 2 (11) 0.50 Median (range) IgG3 level (g/liter) 0.68 (0.04–3.2) 0.42 (0.21–1.4) 0.06 No. (%) with low IgG4 4 (6) 3 (16) 0.18 Median (range) IgG4 level (g/liter) 0.21 (0.01–2.7) 0.15 (0.1–2.0) 0.16 Immunoglobulin data (nonpregnant patients) Total no. not pregnant 64 12 No. (%) with low total IgG level 23 (36) 6 (50) 0.27 Median (range) total IgG level (g/liter) 8.7 (0.6–28.7) 6.6 (2.2–25.2) 0.12 No. (%) with low IgG1 level 21 (33) 6 (50) 0.21 Median (range) IgG1 level (g/liter) 5.4 (0.3–24.6) 3.7 (1.3–17.8) 0.15 No. (%) with low IgG2 level 30 (47) 9 (75) 0.07 Median (range) IgG2 level (g/liter) 2.5 (0.2–10.5) 1.5 (0.4–6.6) 0.06 No. (%) with low IgG3 level 5 (8) 1 (8) 0.66 Median (range) IgG3 level (g/liter) 0.69 (0.04–3.2) 0.46 (0.21–1.4) 0.22 No. (%) with low IgG4 level 4 (6) 1 (8) 0.59 Median (range) IgG4 level (g/liter) 0.22 (0.01–2.7) 0.23 (0.1–2.0) 0.80 ↵a Influenza patients excluded.
↵b H1N1 cohort data adapted from Gordon et al. (5).
↵c Additional culture results: 2 patients had Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 patients had Staphylococcus aureus, 1 patient had Acinetobacter baumannii, and 1 patient had Escherichia coli.
↵d Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
↵e In the H1N1 group, one patient was receiving prednisolone. In the ACAPS group, eight patients were receiving prednisolone and one patient was receiving dexamethasone.
↵f —, Obesity was not recorded in the ACAPS study.
