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Clin. Vaccine Immunol. doi:10.1128/CVI.00360-06
Copyright (c) 2006, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN M CAPTURE ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY STSTEM FOR SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROM CORONAVIRUS BY USING RECOMBINANT TRUNCATED NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEION AS ANTIGEN

Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene & Epidemiology (NIHE), Hanoi, Vietnam; Department of Virology, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: moritak{at}net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp.

	Abstract

We report the development of an immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) by using recombinant truncated SARS-CoV nucleocapsid protein as antigen. The newly developed MAC-ELISA had a specificity and sensitivity of 100% evaluated by using serum from healthy volunteers and laboratory confirmed SARS patients. Using serial serum samples collected from SARS patients, the serocoversion time of IgM antibody after SARS-CoV infection was determined. The median time of seroconversion detected was 8 days (range, 5 to 17 days) after disease onset and the seroconversion rates after the onset of illness were 33% by the first week, 97% by the second week, and 100% by the third week. Compared with our previous report for the detection of IgG, the median seroconversion time for IgM was 3 days earlier and the seroconversion rate by the second week after the illness for IgM was significantly higher than IgG. Our results indicate that the IgM response appears earlier than IgG after SARS-CoV infection in consistent with other pathogens. Our newly developed MAC-ELISA system offers a new alternative for confirmation of SARS-CoV infection.

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