This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Flores, J.
Right arrow Articles by Okhuysen, P. C.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Flores, J.
Right arrow Articles by Okhuysen, P. C.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, August 2008, p. 1194-1198, Vol. 15, No. 8
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00070-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Influence of Host Interleukin-10 Polymorphisms on Development of Traveler's Diarrhea Due to Heat-Labile Enterotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Travelers from the United States Who Are Visiting Mexico{triangledown}

Jose Flores,1 Herbert L. DuPont,2,3,5 Stephanie A. Lee,1 Jaime Belkind-Gerson,4 Mercedes Paredes,1 Jamal A. Mohamed,1 Lisa Y. Armitige,1 Dong-Chuan Guo,1 and Pablo C. Okhuysen1,3,5*

The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas,1 St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas,2 The University of Texas at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, Texas,3 Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México,4 Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas5

Received 15 February 2008/ Returned for modification 22 April 2008/ Accepted 8 June 2008

Up to 60% of U.S. visitors to Mexico develop traveler's diarrhea (TD), mostly due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Distinct single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter have been associated with high, intermediate, or low production of IL-10. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the association of SNPs in the IL-10 promoter and the occurrence of TD in ETEC LT-exposed travelers. Sera from U.S. travelers to Mexico collected on arrival and departure were studied for ETEC LT seroconversion by using cholera toxin as the antigen. Pyrosequencing was performed to genotype IL-10 SNPs. Stools from subjects who developed diarrhea were also studied for other enteropathogens. One hundred twenty-one of 569 (21.3%) travelers seroconverted to ETEC LT, and among them 75 (62%) developed diarrhea. Symptomatic seroconversion was more commonly seen in subjects who carried a genotype producing high levels of IL-10; it was seen in 83% of subjects with the GG genotype versus 54% of subjects with the AA genotype at IL-10 gene position –1082 (P, 0.02), in 71% of those with the CC genotype versus 33% of those with the TT genotype at position –819 (P, 0.005), and in 71% of those with the CC genotype versus 38% of those with the AA genotype at position –592 (P, 0.02). Travelers with the GCC haplotype were more likely to have symptomatic seroconversion than those with the ATA haplotype (71% versus 38%; P, 0.002). Travelers genetically predisposed to produce high levels of IL-10 were more likely to experience symptomatic ETEC TD.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 2.112, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 500-6736. Fax: (713) 500-5495. E-mail: Pablo.c.okhuysen{at}uth.tmc.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 25 June 2008.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, August 2008, p. 1194-1198, Vol. 15, No. 8
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00070-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Glenn, G. M., Francis, D. H., Danielsen, E. M. (2009). Toxin-Mediated Effects on the Innate Mucosal Defenses: Implications for Enteric Vaccines. Infect. Immun. 77: 5206-5215 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • DuPont, H. L. (2009). Bacterial Diarrhea. NEJM 361: 1560-1569 [Full Text]  
  • Estrada-Garcia, T., Lopez-Saucedo, C., Thompson-Bonilla, R., Abonce, M., Lopez-Hernandez, D., Santos, J. I., Rosado, J. L., DuPont, H. L., Long, K. Z. (2009). Association of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes with Infection and Diarrhea among Mexican Children and Association of Atypical Enteropathogenic E. coli with Acute Diarrhea. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 93-98 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»