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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, February 2008, p. 338-347, Vol. 15, No. 2
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00344-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Mannheimia haemolytica Leukotoxin on Bovine Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Alveolar Epithelial Cells{triangledown}

David McClenahan,1* Katrina Hellenbrand,1 Dhammika Atapattu,1 Nicole Aulik,2 David Carlton,3,{dagger} Arvinder Kapur,3,{ddagger} and Charles Czuprynski1

Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine,1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine,2 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin3

Received 21 August 2007/ Returned for modification 27 September 2007/ Accepted 11 November 2007

Bovine respiratory disease resulting from infection with Mannheimia haemolytica commonly results in extensive vascular leakage into the alveoli. M. haemolytica produces two substances, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and leukotoxin (LKT), that are known to be important in inducing some of the pathological changes. In the present study, we examined bovine pulmonary epithelial (BPE) cell and bovine lung microvascular endothelial cell monolayer permeability, as measured by trans-well endothelial and epithelial cell electrical resistance (TEER), after incubation with LPS, LKT, or LPS-activated neutrophils. Endothelial cell monolayers exposed to LPS exhibited significant decreases in TEER that corresponded with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and morphological changes. In contrast, BPE cells exposed to LPS increased the levels of production of inflammatory cytokines but displayed no changes in TEER, apoptosis, or visible morphological changes. Both cell types appeared to express relatively equal levels of the LPS ligand Toll-like receptor 4. However, TEER in BPE cell monolayers was decreased when the cells were incubated with LPS-activated neutrophils. Although the incubation of BPE cells with LKT decreased TEER, this was not reduced by the incubation of LKT with a neutralizing antibody and was reversed when LKT was preincubated with the LPS-neutralizing compound polymyxin B. Because BPE cells did not express the LKT receptor CD11a/CD18, we infer that contaminating LPS was responsible for the decreased TEER. In conclusion, LPS triggered changes in endothelial cells that would be consistent with vascular leakage, but neither LPS nor LKT caused similar changes in epithelial cells, unless neutrophils were also present.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 2015 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706. Phone: (608) 262-5662. Fax: (608) 263-0438. E-mail: mcclenahan{at}svm.vetmed.wisc.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 21 November 2007.

{dagger} Present address: Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

{ddagger} Present address: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, February 2008, p. 338-347, Vol. 15, No. 2
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00344-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • McClenahan, D., Hillenbrand, K., Kapur, A., Carlton, D., Czuprynski, C. (2009). Effects of Extracellular ATP on Bovine Lung Endothelial and Epithelial Cell Monolayer Morphologies, Apoptoses, and Permeabilities. CVI 16: 43-48 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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