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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, September 2006, p. 1030-1036, Vol. 13, No. 9
1071-412X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00134-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cattle Husbandry in Ethiopia Is a Predominant Factor Affecting the Pathology of Bovine Tuberculosis and Gamma Interferon Responses to Mycobacterial Antigens

Gobena Ameni,1,2* Abraham Aseffa,2 Howard Engers,2 Douglas Young,3 Glyn Hewinson,4 and Martin Vordermeier4

Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,1 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2 Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,3 TB Research Group, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom4

Received 6 April 2006/ Returned for modification 11 May 2006/ Accepted 4 July 2006

Bovine tuberculosis is a major economic problem and a potential public health risk. Improved diagnostics like the gamma interferon (IFN-{gamma}) test with ESAT6 and/or CFP10 could contribute to the control program. We assessed IFN-{gamma} responses in zebu (Ethiopian Arsi breed) and Holstein cattle kept indoors or in a pasture to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) and an ESAT6-CFP10 protein cocktail. Furthermore, the intensity and distribution of pathology of bovine tuberculosis were compared between the two breeds. Our data demonstrated significantly (all P < 0.02) higher IFN-{gamma} responses to avian PPD, bovine PPD, and the ESAT6-CFP10 protein cocktail in Holstein than in zebu cattle, while lesion severities in infected animals and tuberculin skin test responses did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the two breeds. Holstein cattle that were kept indoors produced significantly (all P < 0.01) higher IFN-{gamma} levels in response to avian PPD, bovine PPD, and the ESAT6-CFP10 protein cocktail than did Holstein cattle kept in a pasture. Moreover, lesion severity was significantly higher in Holstein cattle kept indoors (P = 0.001) than in those kept in the pasture. Lesions were localized predominantly in the digestive tract in cattle kept in a pasture, while they were localized in the respiratory tract in cattle kept indoors. In conclusion, in Holstein cattle, husbandry was a dominant factor influencing the severity of tuberculosis lesions and IFN-{gamma} responses to mycobacterial antigens compared to breed. A difference in the cellular immune response between zebu and Holstein cattle was observed, while tuberculosis lesion severities were identical in the two breeds, when both were kept in a pasture.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Phone: 251-9-11413073. Fax: 251-1-113755296. E-mail: gobenaameni{at}yahoo.com.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, September 2006, p. 1030-1036, Vol. 13, No. 9
1071-412X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00134-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Ameni, G., Hewinson, G., Aseffa, A., Young, D., Vordermeier, M. (2008). Appraisal of Interpretation Criteria for the Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Cattle in Central Ethiopia. CVI 15: 1272-1276 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ameni, G., Aseffa, A., Engers, H., Young, D., Gordon, S., Hewinson, G., Vordermeier, M. (2007). High Prevalence and Increased Severity of Pathology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Holsteins Compared to Zebu Breeds under Field Cattle Husbandry in Central Ethiopia. CVI 14: 1356-1361 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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