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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, August 2006, p. 898-904, Vol. 13, No. 8
1071-412X/06/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/CVI.00056-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Marina Stukova,2,
Natalia Zabolotnyh,3
Boris Ferko,1
Christian Kittel,1
Julia Romanova,1
Tatiana Vinogradova,3
Hermann Katinger,1
Oleg Kiselev,2 and
Andrej Egorov1,2
Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria,1 Influenza Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Prof. Popova Str. 15/17, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia,2 Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ligowsky 2-4, 193036 St. Petersburg, Russia3
Received 8 February 2006/ Returned for modification 27 March 2006/ Accepted 10 May 2006
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Since the effectiveness of the only available tuberculosis vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), is suboptimal, there is a strong demand to develop new tuberculosis vaccines. As tuberculosis is an airborne disease, the intranasal route of vaccination might be preferable. Live influenza virus vaccines might be considered as potential vectors for mucosal immunization against various viral or bacterial pathogens, including M. tuberculosis. We generated several subtypes of attenuated recombinant influenza A viruses expressing the 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target protein (ESAT-6) of M. tuberculosis from the NS1 reading frame. We were able to demonstrate the potency of influenza virus NS vectors to induce an M. tuberculosis-specific Th1 immune response in mice. Moreover, intranasal immunization of mice and guinea pigs with such vectors induced protection against mycobacterial challenge, similar to that induced by BCG vaccination.
S.S. and M.S. contributed equally to this study.
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