Previous Article | Next Article 
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, May 2005, p. 622-631, Vol. 12, No. 5
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.5.622-631.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Association of Selected Phenotypic Markers of Lymphocyte Activation and Differentiation with Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infant Infection
John S. Lambert,1 Jack Moye Jr.,2* Susan F. Plaeger,3,
E. Richard Stiehm,3
James Bethel,4
Lynne M. Mofenson,2
Bonnie Mathieson,5
Jonathan Kagan,6
Howard Rosenblatt,7
Helene Paxton,8,
Hildie Suter,8 and
Alan Landay9
Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Marrland, and the Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom,1 Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland,2 Mattel Children's Hospital at the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California,3 Westat, Rockville, Maryland,4 Office of AIDS Research, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland,5 Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland,6 Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,7 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated, Baltimore, Maryland,8 Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois9
Received 13 July 2004/ Returned for modification 29 October 2004/ Accepted 1 March 2005
This study of a subset of women and infants participating in National Institutes of Health Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 185 evaluated lymphocyte phenotypic markers of immune activation and differentiation to determine their association with the likelihood of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission from the women to their infants and the potential for early identification and/or prognosis of infection in the infants. Lymphocytes from 215 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-infected women and 192 of their infants were analyzed by flow cytometry with an extended three-color panel of monoclonal antibodies. Women who did not transmit to their infants tended to have higher CD4+ T cells. Most notably, levels of total CD8+ T cells and CD8+ CD38+ cells made significant independent contributions to predicting the risk of mother-to-child transmission. Adjusting for HIV-1 RNA level at entry, a one percentage-point increase in these marker combinations was associated with a nine percent increase in the likelihood of maternal transmission. Total as well as naïve CD4+ T cells were significantly higher in uninfected than infected infants. Total CD8+ cells, as well as CD8+cells positive for HLA-DR+, CD45 RA+ HLA-DR+, and CD28+ HLA-DR+ were elevated in infected infants. Detailed immunophenotyping may be helpful in predicting which pregnant HIV-infected women are at increased risk of transmitting HIV to their infants. Increasing differences in lymphocyte subsets between infected and uninfected infants became apparent as early as six weeks of age. Detailed immunophenotyping may be useful in supporting the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants with perinatal HIV exposure.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Bldg. 6100, Room 4B11, MSC 7510, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510. Phone: (301) 496-7339. Fax: (301) 496-8678. E-mail: moyej{at}mail.nih.gov.
Present address: Pathogenesis and Basic Research Branch, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland.
Present address: Union Hospital, Elkton, Maryland.
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, May 2005, p. 622-631, Vol. 12, No. 5
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.5.622-631.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»