This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Brown, J. D.
Right arrow Articles by Swayne, D.
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Brown, J. D.
Right arrow Articles by Swayne, D.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, June 2009, p. 824-829, Vol. 16, No. 6
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00084-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evaluation of a Commercial Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Detect Avian Influenza Virus Antibodies in Multiple Experimentally Infected Avian Species{triangledown}

Justin D. Brown,1* David E. Stallknecht,1 Roy D. Berghaus,1 M. Page Luttrell,1 Katherine Velek,2 Whitney Kistler,1,3 Taiana Costa,1 Michael J. Yabsley,1,3 and David Swayne4

Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,1 IDEXX Laboratories, One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092,2 Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,3 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, Georgia 306054

Received 25 February 2009/ Returned for modification 23 March 2009/ Accepted 15 April 2009

Wild birds of the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the natural reservoirs for avian influenza (AI) viruses. Traditionally, AI virus surveillance in wild birds has relied on virus identification strategies, including virus isolation and detection. To evaluate the accuracy of a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) and the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for detection of antibodies in wild birds, which is indicative of AI virus infection, we tested 281 serum samples from various wild avian species that were experimentally infected with AI viruses. Included in these samples were 178 samples from birds with confirmed AI virus infections (122 infected with low-pathogenic AI [LPAI] viruses and 56 infected with highly pathogenic AI [HPAI] viruses) and 103 samples from birds that were uninfected, negative controls. The sensitivities of the bELISA and the AGID test were 0.820 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.756 to 0.874) and 0.674 (95% CI, 0.600 to 0.742), respectively. Both tests had an estimated specificity of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.965 to 1.00). The bELISA was significantly more sensitive than the AGID test for both LPAI virus- and HPAI virus-infected birds. Both assays, however, had a higher sensitivity for birds infected with HPAI virus than for birds infected with LPAI virus. These results demonstrate the potential utility of the bELISA for detection of antibodies to both LPAI and HPAI viruses in multiple avian species, representing five avian orders and 17 genera. Additional studies are warranted to further evaluate the utility of the bELISA for use with naturally infected birds.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Phone: (706) 542-1741. Fax: (706) 542-5865. E-mail: jubrown1{at}uga.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 22 April 2009.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, June 2009, p. 824-829, Vol. 16, No. 6
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00084-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»