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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2009, p. 366-371, Vol. 16, No. 3
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00350-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Serological Diagnosis of Human Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 Infections by Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay {triangledown}

Peter D. Burbelo,1 Yo Hoshino,2 Hannah Leahy,1 Tammy Krogmann,2 Ronald L. Hornung,3 Michael J. Iadarola,1 and Jeffrey I. Cohen2*

Neurobiology and Pain Therapeutics Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research,1 Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,2 Clinical Services Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 217023

Received 23 September 2008/ Returned for modification 3 November 2008/ Accepted 24 December 2008

Highly quantitative and high-throughput serological tests for evaluation of humoral responses to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 are not available. The efficacy of luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays for antibody profiling and serologic diagnosis of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection was investigated using a panel of five recombinant HSV antigens. Plasma samples from subjects seropositive for HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 or seronegative for HSV-1 and HSV-2 that had previously been analyzed by Western blotting and the Focus Plexus immunoassay were evaluated. The LIPS test measuring anti-gG1 antibody titers was 96% sensitive and 96% specific for detecting HSV-1 infection, compared with the Focus immunoassay, and was 92% sensitive and 96% specific, compared with Western blotting. The results for the anti-gG2 LIPS test for HSV-2 precisely matched those for Western blotting, with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, and showed robust antibody titers in all the HSV-2-infected samples that were over 1,000 times higher than those in HSV-2-negative or HSV-1-positive samples. Antibodies to three additional HSV-2 proteins, gB, gD, and ICP8, were detected in many of the HSV-1- and/or HSV-2-infected plasma samples and showed preferentially higher immunoreactivity in HSV-2-infected plasma. The titers of antibodies to these three HSV-2 antigens also significantly correlated with each other (R = 0.75 to 0.81; P < 0.0001). These studies indicate that the robust anti-gG1 and anti-gG2 antibody responses detected by LIPS assays are useful for HSV-1 and HSV-2 detection and suggest that profiling of antibody responses to a panel of HSV proteins may be useful for characterizing individual humoral responses to infection and for monitoring responses to vaccines.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Building 10, Room 11N234, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1888, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: (301) 496-5265. Fax: (301) 496-7383. E-mail: jcohen{at}niaid.nih.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 January 2009.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2009, p. 366-371, Vol. 16, No. 3
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00350-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Burbelo, P. D., Leahy, H. P., Groot, S., Bishop, L. R., Miley, W., Iadarola, M. J., Whitby, D., Kovacs, J. A. (2009). Four-Antigen Mixture Containing V-Cyclin for Serological Screening of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection. CVI 16: 621-627 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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