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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2009, p. 360-365, Vol. 16, No. 3
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00269-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Activation of Porcine Alveolar Macrophages by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus {triangledown}

Laura C. Miller,* Kelly M. Lager, and Marcus E. Kehrli Jr.

Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa 50010

Received 28 July 2008/ Returned for modification 3 September 2008/ Accepted 6 January 2009

Control of virus replication initially depends on rapid activation of the innate immune response. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are potent inducers of innate immunity against viral infections. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a positive-sense RNA virus, initiates infection in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), elicits weak immune responses, and establishes a persistent infection. To understand the role of single-stranded RNA and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) intermediates in eliciting host immunity, we sought to determine if TLRs, particularly those that respond to viral molecular patterns, are involved in PRRSV infection. Activation of TLR3 in PAMs with dsRNA increased gene expression for alpha interferon and suppressed PRRSV infectivity. In contrast, TLR4 activation by the treatment of PAMs with lipopolysaccharide did not influence PRRSV infectivity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, 2300 Dayton Ave., Ames, IA 50010. Phone: (515) 663-7371. Fax: (515) 663-7458. E-mail: laura.miller{at}ars.usda.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 14 January 2009.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2009, p. 360-365, Vol. 16, No. 3
1071-412X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00269-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Beura, L. K., Sarkar, S. N., Kwon, B., Subramaniam, S., Jones, C., Pattnaik, A. K., Osorio, F. A. (2010). Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nonstructural Protein 1{beta} Modulates Host Innate Immune Response by Antagonizing IRF3 Activation. J. Virol. 84: 1574-1584 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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