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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, September 2008, p. 1330-1336, Vol. 15, No. 9
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00103-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Toxicity of Anthrax Toxin Is Influenced by Receptor Expression{triangledown}

Sarah C. Taft and Alison A. Weiss*

Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0524

Received 18 March 2008/ Returned for modification 29 May 2008/ Accepted 13 June 2008

Anthrax toxin protective antigen (PA) binds to its cellular receptor, and seven subunits self-associate to form a heptameric ring that mediates the cytoplasmic entry of lethal factor or edema factor. The influence of receptor type on susceptibility to anthrax toxin components was examined using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the human form of one of two PA receptors: TEM8 or CMG2. Unexpectedly, PA alone, previously believed to only mediate entry of lethal factor or edema factor, was found to be toxic to CHO-TEM8 cells; cells treated with PA alone displayed reduced cell growth and decreased metabolic activity. PA-treated cells swelled and became permeable to membrane-excluded dye, suggesting that PA formed cell surface pores on CHO-TEM8 cells. While CHO-CMG2 cells were not killed by wild-type PA, they were susceptible to the PA variant, F427A. Receptor expression also conferred differences in susceptibility to edema factor.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0524. Phone: (513) 558-2820. Fax: (513) 558-8474. E-mail: Alison.Weiss{at}uc.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 2 July 2008.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, September 2008, p. 1330-1336, Vol. 15, No. 9
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00103-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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