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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, August 2008, p. 1238-1243, Vol. 15, No. 8
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00434-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Kinetics of the Immune Response Associated with Tularemia: Comparison of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, a Tube Agglutination Test, and a Novel Whole-Blood Lymphocyte Stimulation Test{triangledown}

Henrik Eliasson,1* Per Olcén,2,3 Anders Sjöstedt,4 Margareta Jurstrand,5 Erik Bäck,1,3 and Sören Andersson2,6

Department of Infectious Diseases, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden,1 Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden,2 Department of Clinical Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden,3 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden,4 Clinical Research Centre, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden,5 Department of Virology, Immunology and Vaccinology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden6

Received 27 September 2007/ Returned for modification 12 February 2008/ Accepted 28 May 2008

We have developed and evaluated a novel and simplified whole-blood lymphocyte stimulation assay that focuses on the measurement of gamma interferon after 24 h of stimulation with whole-cell tularemia antigen and a tularemia enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on highly purified lipopolysaccharide antigen. Comparison of the kinetics of the two assays and those of the traditional tube agglutination test shows that the cellular immune response can be detected earlier by the lymphocyte stimulation assay. This test already shows a high proportion of positive results during the first week after the onset of the disease, may be applicable in everyday laboratory practice, and has the potential of changing routine diagnostics for tularemia. The new ELISA has a high sensitivity and becomes positive to a high degree during the second week of disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Infektionskliniken, Universitetssjukhuset, Örebro S-70185, Sweden. Phone: 46 19 6021000. Fax: 46 19 184855. E-mail: henrik.eliasson{at}orebroll.se

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 18 June 2008.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, August 2008, p. 1238-1243, Vol. 15, No. 8
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00434-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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