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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, October 2008, p. 1625-1628, Vol. 15, No. 10
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00198-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

CASE REPORT

Assessment of Aspergillus-Specific T Cells for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in a Leukemic Child with Liver Lesions Mimicking Hepatosplenic Candidiasis{triangledown}

Leonardo Potenza,1,{dagger} Patrizia Barozzi,1,{dagger} Giulio Rossi,2 Giovanni Palazzi,3 Daniela Vallerini,1 Giovanni Riva,1 Monica Cellini,3 Monica Morselli,1 Francesco Volzone,1 Claudia Venturelli,5 Chiara Quadrelli,1 Luciana Di Pancrazio,4 Maria Carmen Cano,3 Paolo Paolucci,3 Giuseppe Torelli,1 and Mario Luppi1*

Department of Oncology and Hematology, Section of Hematology,1 Department of Pathology,2 Department of Pediatric Sciences, Section of Hemato-Oncology,3 Department of Radiology,4 Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy5

Received 23 May 2008/ Returned for modification 26 June 2008/ Accepted 23 July 2008

ABSTRACT

A child with acute myeloid leukemia presented with multiple liver lesions mimicking hepatosplenic candidiasis during the neutropenic phase following the induction chemotherapy. All the available diagnostic tools showed repeatedly negative results, including galactomannan. An enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay showed a high number of Aspergillus-specific T cells producing interleukin-10 [TH2(IL-10)] and a low number of Aspergillus-specific T cells producing gamma interferon [TH1(IFN-{gamma})], revealing invasive aspergillosis (IA) before the confirmatory biopsy. A progressive skewing from the predominance of TH2(IL-10) to a predominance of TH1(IFN-{gamma}) was observed close to the complete resolution of the infection and foreshadowed the outcome. The ELISPOT assay holds promise for diagnosing pediatric IA.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico, 41100 Modena, Italy. Phone: 39 0594224641. Fax: 39 0594224549. E-mail: mario.luppi{at}unimore.it

FOOTNOTES

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 30 July 2008.

{dagger} L. Potenza and P. Barozzi contributed equally to this study.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, October 2008, p. 1625-1628, Vol. 15, No. 10
1071-412X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00198-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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