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Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2007, p. 269-275, Vol. 14, No. 3
1071-412X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00304-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Protection against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Infection through Passive Transfer of PRRSV-Neutralizing Antibodies Is Dose Dependent{triangledown} ,{dagger}

O. J. Lopez,1,{ddagger} M. F. Oliveira,1 E. Alvarez Garcia,2 B. J. Kwon,1 A. Doster,1 and F. A. Osorio1*

Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905,1 Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain2

Received 27 August 2006/ Returned for modification 22 October 2006/ Accepted 28 December 2006

Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that passive transfer of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-neutralizing antibodies (NA) protected pregnant sows against reproductive failure and conferred sterilizing immunity in sows and offspring. We report here on the dose requirement for protection by passive transfer with NA in young weaned pigs. The presence of a 1:8 titer of PRRSV-NA in serum consistently protected pigs against viremia. Nevertheless, their lungs, tonsils, buffy coat cells, and peripheral lymph nodes contained replicating PRRSV similar to the infected control group. Likewise, these animals excreted infectious virus to sentinels similar to the infectivity control animals. In an attempt to reach complete protective immunity equivalent to that previously observed in sows, the pigs were transferred with a higher titer of PRRSV-NA (1:32), and even then apparent sterilizing immunity was attained in only 50% of the animals. In conclusion, the presence of anti-PRRSV-NA in serum with a titer of 1:8 is enough to block viremia but not peripheral tissue seeding and transmission to contact animals. While a relatively low level of NA in blood is capable of conferring sterilizing immunity against PRRSV in sows, the amount of NA necessary to obtain full protection of a young weaned pig would be significantly higher, suggesting that differences exist in the PRRSV pathogenesis between both age groups. In addition, the titer of NA could be a helpful parameter of protection in the assessment of PRRSV vaccines.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, 141 VBS, East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905. Phone: (402) 472-7809. Fax: (402) 472-9690. E-mail: fosorio{at}unl.edu.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 10 January 2007.

{dagger} Publication 15,137 of the Agricultural Research Division of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

{ddagger} Present address: 2109 NSF, Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University Marquette, MI 49855.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, March 2007, p. 269-275, Vol. 14, No. 3
1071-412X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CVI.00304-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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