This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Rodríguez, L.
Right arrow Articles by Ortiz, R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Rodríguez, L.
Right arrow Articles by Ortiz, R.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, April 2005, p. 502-507, Vol. 12, No. 4
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.4.502-507.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Assessment by Flow Cytometry of Cytokine Production in Malnourished Children

Leonor Rodríguez,1,2 Cristina González,1 Luis Flores,3 Luis Jiménez-Zamudio,4 Jaime Graniel,5 and Rocío Ortiz1*

Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México, D. F., México,1 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D. F., México,2 Hospital General Gustavo Baz Prada, Servicios de Salud del Estado de México, Estado de México, México,3 Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D. F., México,4 Hospital Pediátrico Iztapalapa, Servicios de Salud Gobierno del Distrito Federal, México, D. F., México5

Received 20 August 2004/ Returned for modification 22 October 2004/ Accepted 21 January 2005

Malnutrition in children is associated with an increased risk of infection and death. Multiple abnormalities in the immune response, including cytokine production, in protein energy-malnourished children have been described and could account for the increased severity and frequency of infections. In this study, we used flow cytometry to investigate the effects of malnutrition on the production of cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], gamma interferon [IFN-{gamma}], IL-4, and IL-10) in CD4+ and CD8+ cells and the activation capability (as indicated by CD69+ and CD25+ cells). CD4+ and CD8+ cells from malnourished children showed increased production of IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines and decreased production of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma} cytokines compared to that in cells from well-nourished, uninfected and well-nourished, infected children. In addition, malnourished children showed impaired activation capability, since the fluorescence intensity of CD69+ and CD25+ cells was lower than that in cells from well-nourished, uninfected and well-nourished, infected children. These results indicate that malnutrition alters the capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ cells to produce IL-2, IFN-{gamma}, IL-4, and IL-10 in response to stimulus. We concluded that both cytokine production and activation capacity were impaired in malnourished children. This functional impairment may be involved in the failure to develop a specific immune response and the predisposition to infection in these children.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186 CP 09340, México, D. F., México. Phone: 52 (55) 5804 64 80. Fax: 52 (55) 58 04 47 27. E-mail: arom{at}xanum.uam.mx.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, April 2005, p. 502-507, Vol. 12, No. 4
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.4.502-507.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Hillyer, L., Whitley, C., Olver, A., Webster, M., Steevels, T., Woodward, B. (2008). Adoptively Transferred Dendritic Cells Restore Primary Cell-Mediated Inflammatory Competence to Acutely Malnourished Weanling Mice. Am. J. Pathol. 172: 378-385 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hillyer, L., Dao, B., Niemiec, P., Lee, S., Doidge, M., Bemben, I., Neyestani, T., Woodward, B. (2006). Elevated Bioactivity of the Tolerogenic Cytokines, Interleukin-10 and Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}, in the Blood of Acutely Malnourished Weanling Mice. Exp. Biol. Med. 231: 1439-1447 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»