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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2005, p. 1347-1351, Vol. 12, No. 11
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.11.1347-1351.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effects of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Maternal Antibodies on Experimental Infection of Piglets with PCV2

N. E. McKeown,1 T. Opriessnig,2 P. Thomas,2 D. K. Guenette,1 F. Elvinger,1 M. Fenaux,1 P. G. Halbur,2 and X. J. Meng1*

Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia,1 Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa2

Received 14 April 2005/ Returned for modification 26 July 2005/ Accepted 13 September 2005

To determine the effects of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) maternal antibodies on and response to experimental PCV2 infection, 24 piglets were divided into four groups on the basis of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers of PCV2 maternal antibodies: group A (n = 6; sample/positive [S/P] ratio, <0.2), group B (n = 5; S/P ratio, >0.2 to <0.5), and groups C (n = 8) and D (n = 5) (S/P ratio, >0.5). Piglets in groups A, B, and C were inoculated with PCV2 at day 0 and challenged with PCV2 at day 42. Group D piglets were not exposed to PCV2 at day 0 but were challenged at day 42. Before challenge, seroconversion to PCV2 antibodies occurred in five of six group A piglets, and the antibody level rose above the cutoff level in one of five group B piglets. Viremia was detected in five of six, four of five, and two of eight pigs in groups A, B, and C, respectively. After challenge, PCV2 DNA was detectable from 7 to 21 days postchallenge in the sera from six of six, four of five, three of eight, and five of five pigs in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. The results indicated that protection against PCV2 infection conferred by maternal antibodies is titer dependent: higher titers are generally protective, but low titers are not.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1410 Price's Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0342. Phone: (540) 231-6912. Fax: (540) 231-3426. E-mail: xjmeng{at}vt.edu.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2005, p. 1347-1351, Vol. 12, No. 11
1071-412X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CDLI.12.11.1347-1351.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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